The Scarlet Letter Argumentative Essay Example For Students

The Scarlet Letter Argumentative Essay The work of American romance Nathaniel Hawthorne is a clear quantity and complex. Most researchers perceive the writers of the twentieth century: G. James, E. Wharton, and W. Faulkner. At the same time, scientists and world organizations often face contradictory, indefinite problems and ideas: puritan and a sarcastic critic, puritanism, a friend of Emerson, Alcott, resolutely rejected transcendentalism, a participant in an experiment that is made by accident. The narrative structure, in the opinion of the researchers, of the novel â€Å"Scarlet letter† by Hawthorne, is a harmonious complex of symbolic formations. The driven and strong character, its polysemy, and the possibility of associative links are due to the fact that various interpretations are allowed in the novel. The depth of symbolic overtones allows you to read the â€Å"Scarlet Letter† as a historical novel about the formation of a new nation, a psychological novel that explores the influence of feelings in a person’s soul, a novel about love, about a feminist. We will write a custom essay on The Scarlet Letter Argumentative specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The motif of sunlight appears in the introduction for the first time, as a setting, in the chapter Market Square and unfolds on the second and third parts, portraying the public condemnation of Hester Prynne, a native and illegitimate woman-feminist and a sentence of a court sentence, wearing a scarlet letter A all her life (the initial  scarlet letter consultancy - adulteress ). The scarlet letter, which embodies the harsh and merciless spirit of Puritan legitimacy, â€Å"cut off from all people,† completes it in an â€Å"inaccessible circle of loneliness.† Sunlight illuminates like bright and shiny hair, and the eyes of the priest Wilson speak to the crowd with Greek preaching like the children of Hester’s child. Brotherhood in Sin† is an expression of the thesis of Puritanism the sinfulness of all before God, the equal rights of all in sin. Open that external guise. It is the sinfulness of all before God, the equality of all in sin. The scarlet letter gives Hester the ability to â€Å"guess through secret affinity the secret sin in the hearts of other people†, revealing that â€Å"the external appearance of purity can lie that if you could find out the truth, the scarlet letter would glow on the chest of many, and not just Hester Prynne, a woman with her behavior that is different from all people.† Literary analysis of the novel Priest Dimmesdale, the father of Hester’s child, guilty of violating moral law and concealing his guilt, is not condemned, but â€Å"the burden of crime and suffering closely paired him to the whole sinful brotherhood of men.† This secret brotherhood in sin does not exclude loneliness and disunity not only for woman. For example, hidden wine makes Dimmesdale hide his own suffering because his isolation is deeper and more terrible than Hester’s loneliness. Sunlight, playing on the scarlet letter of Hester, symbolizes a clear sin. That is what we can see in the analytical literary analysis and topics about the novel. Condemned, but giving the right to open suffering and compassion, which Hester finds in the big and ardent heart of the people. The dark figure of the pitiless and unforgiving Roger Chillingworth, husband of Hester, who devoted his life to a sophisticated revenge to a priest, inseparably linked with a feeling of mutual hatred, is underlined—a complete expression of Dimmesdale’s tragic loneliness, points and actions involved in a gloomy puritan fraud in the darkness of a man. Chillingworth, who personifies the fanatical intolerance of Puritan moral dogmas that exclude charity, is opposed to the solar image of her daughter, Pearl, inseparable from Hester, the main character who is strong and always give some prompts. Pearl is â€Å"a direct consequence of guilt branded by people†, a constant reminder of mother’s sin and â€Å"her only treasure†, she is â€Å"a scarlet letter endowed with life† burning with the same fire as the sign on Hester’s chest, a symbol of punishment and rejection, of her behavior, actions and at the same time, â€Å"a child who was supposed to connect a mother (Hester) with all living people and their descendants.† .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694 , .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694 .postImageUrl , .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694 , .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694:hover , .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694:visited , .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694:active { border:0!important; } .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694:active , .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694 .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua12dc46008afb68bfcb9b285cdeaa694:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Quarks Essay Research PaperHowever, at first, this â€Å"intolerable brightness† resembles only the sparkling sign of Hester, and Pearl itself is a â€Å"consequence and embodiment of sin,† â€Å"a scarlet letter, but in a different form.† The relationship of the sun and pearl arises along with the development of another facet of the contrast image as a hook—â€Å"the child who was supposed to forever connect the mother with all living people and their descendants.† Pearl seems to be a creature akin to the rays of the sun with Hester. â€Å"I saw such figures,† Priest Wilson states: â€Å"when the suns rays penetrated through the colored window panes, and golden and purple spots fell on the floor.† The confluence of sunlight and the image of Pearl and Hester occur in Chapter 16 (â€Å"A Walk in the Forest†). Priest Wilson, when he saw Pearl with Hester for the first time, calls her a â€Å"red rose,† Pearl herself answers the priests question about who created her, replies that her mother found her in a rose bush at the door of the prison. Pearl is a â€Å"live scarlet rose† lit by the sun, the material embodiment of obvious, undisguised guilt, and at the same time arose emitting sunlight, an ancient symbol of love with Hester, â€Å"which always penetrates the heart with sunshine so that it involuntarily throws out a part him to the world around him,  «the personification of  «mercy, which fulfills the all-embracing heart of nature » and freedom from the laws of puritanism. In conclusion, sunlight, intertwined on the symbolism of the scarlet sign and the rose, embodies the natural law of the brotherhood of people free from Puritan intolerance, based on love and compassion.

Blaming Rap and Hip-Hop for Negative Messages Essays

Blaming Rap and Hip-Hop for Negative Messages Essays Blaming Rap and Hip-Hop for Negative Messages Essay Blaming Rap and Hip-Hop for Negative Messages Essay American Military University Joe Guzman CMRJ205 Rape and Sexual Violence Dr. Nation Does Hip-Hop music send a negative message to our youth? Well some people think it does and others think differently about it. I think it goes both ways and but I’ll go more in detail in this essay. As far as I can remember, Hip-Hop music has ruled the industry and continues to till this day. The negative part of rap music that people say sends a negative message is the lyrics. Some songs talk about killing, drugs and gang violence. That’s the part I don’t care for but it sells so, it’ll continue to remain on top. Some music was blamed for shootings and some resulted in death. When it comes to violence, the Tupac and Biggy scandal comes to mind. This was labeled as an East and West coast war between the two. They both talked about killing each others families, having sex with each others wives, which lead to both of them being murdered (Dorian 2010). Tupac had some great songs that hit home for some people. One that hit home for was â€Å"Dear Mama†, it talked about him growing up and how his mother made the best for him and his sister with what they had. I love when rappers speak from experience and in ways can influences people positively. A rapper by the name of â€Å"Hurricane†, tells his four kids that what they see and hear is just a record or video that was produced (Samuels 1995). I think it’s good for rappers to explain this issue with their kids. It’ll give them a better understanding as they get older. Some of the negatives are when rappers get into trouble for drugs, murders and violations. Some kids look up to them as role models and when they see the trouble they get into they do the same or even worse. A lot of rappers stress to kids to stay in school and get an education. (Samuels 1995). Sometimes music is a way out for some people. A lot of rappers grew up in the hood and were in and out of trouble but used music as strength to get out. I think the media portrays it differently and blows rap music out of proportion, as they do everything. The media is quick to put out the negative things but what about the positive things that they do. Some rappers give back and help out in any way they can. I just read about rapper T. I. talking some kid out of committing suicide. That’s definitely a highlight but I bet not too many people heard about it. In closing, I think rap music goes both ways as far as sending negative messages to our youth. Do I think it can be cleaned up, yes but people need to understand that this is a way of living for some. It’ll be an on going battle but in the end Hip-Hop is here to stay and is on top. References Louise I. Gerdes, ED (2008) Sexual violence. , GALE Cengage Learning John H. McWhorter, (2003) City Journal Is Hip Hop The epitome of What’s Wrong with Todays Youth (2010) from, http://doriandonp. wordpress. com/2010/02/11/is-hip-hop-the-epitome-of-whats-wrong-with-todays-youth/ Boyce Watkins, PhD (2009) from, bvonmoney. com/2009/06/07/whats-wrong-with-hip-hop-check-the-paper-trai Anita M. Samuels, (1995) Rap Family Values: Golden Rule Rules

Evolution of Performance Management Part II Assignment

Evolution of Performance Management Part II - Assignment Example Eventually, even though we could achieve our goals to some extent, the collective goal of the organization was never achieved. Your post has therefore given me a lot of insight on the best way to avoid such a situation in the future by ensuring that performance management is integrated into the larger management of the organization. I agree with you perfectly that an organization will struggle to obtain long-term success without the existence of a well-defined performance management program (Chamberlain, 2011). One probing question I would like to put forward is that in the absence of performance management program, how can the organization know whether it output from its workforce is in accordance with projected goals for the organization? Certainly there will be shortfalls in knowing how well the organization has achieved success if there are no performance management programs. But to add an insight to your take on the issue, I would suggest that when the organization is implementing performance management programs, it should not do it in an isolated manner. Rather, it will be important to integrate it into the collective program of the organization. By so doing, it will be possible to ensure that the outcome of the program is a true measure of what the organization proposes to

The Outbreak of World War I Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Outbreak of World War I - Essay Example 231). The German guilt stance was subsequently supported by the absolute majority of non-German historians. During the 1920s, a special department of the German Foreign Office - the War Guilt Section - published full compilation (39 volumes) of Germany's foreign policy documents. The compilation was supposed to demonstrate that Germany was not guilty of the outbreak of hostilities. Other European states also published the same collections of pre-war documents. These documents provided historians with massive data that suggested a revision of the view of solely German responsibility for the war, but did not lead to any major change of views among the historians. Furthermore, the Second World War only reinforced the traditional point of view. As a result, European and American historiography overwhelmingly supports the Germany guilt stance. Thus, Luigi Albertini (1952) believes that although part of the blame for the outbreak of World War I rests with the failure of dipl... In a similar vein, Steiner (1977) argues the German drive for power threatened British interests and British Foreign Minister Sir Edward Grey had no choice but respond defensively to an inevitable German aggression. However, this point of view is not in line with that of David Lloyd George, the British Prime Minister who seemed to accept the blame in his War Memoirs (1934) saying that "We muddled into war" (Price, 1981, p.27). Lieven (1983) also claims that Germany's inability to control its militarism was the major factor that the blame for war must "unequivocally rest with the German government" (p.85). And even, Taylor (1969) who is widely known for his famous argument which puts events beyond the control of diplomacies believes that the breakdown of the balance of power due to a self-aggrandizing Germany was the key factor for the First World War. Although remoteness of the event, coupled with the alleged desire of many participants to hide at least part of the truth makes it too difficult to find out what country or who was primarily responsible for the outbreak of hostilities the German guilt still seems to be the most reasonable. International and domestic policy conducted by the Germany leaders convincingly demonstrates that taking the responsibility for the war off her shoulder would be a highly imprudent and unjustified step. Main Discussion The major causes of World War I are often referred to as 'MAIN': Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism. The German build-up of its naval forces was the main reason for deterioration of Anglo-German relations. During only four years after Great Britain, France and the Russian Empire formed the

Information Technology Sub-sector Analysis Essay

Information Technology Sub-sector Analysis - Essay Example Porters four analysis gives two dimensions that define the strategies. One is the competitive advantage source, and two is the scope of the advantage. The first one comprises of product differentiation or low-cost approach. The second one consists of narrow or broad approach. When crossed the dimensions gives the porters four business strategies. To win competitive advantage, the IT organization should apply cost focus in a small group of the target section. A Cost Focus strategy usually emerges as a competitive move, at times to challenge a certain competitor. A smaller IT firm can as well gain entry to a market by competing on cost within a particular niche. Competition in the mobile application industry has lead to the rise in a totally new product called smartphones that have greater functionality as compared to normal mobile phones due to their capability of running mobile apps. The cost of these smartphones is not over exaggerated to discourage the customers from buying them. The IT organizations maintain lesser cost across different product offerings. An analysis of competitors cost should be carried out prior to setting products costs. For instance, by 2010, the mobile apps industry was highly flooded as new competitors got into the market saturating it with several varieties of utilitarian and lifestyle apps (Tarnacha & Maitland, 2006). In most instances, apps are designed by third-party developers like companies that wish to advertize their products, or by freelance designers who trade their apps at a profit. The major operating systems, Android and Apple, each have an equivalent dedicated marketplace due to its subsidized costs. Limiting Apple policies with regards to app development in the preliminary stage have had a verifiable effect on the iOS apps market. A larger percentage of all mobile app developers have a preference for developing apps for the Android operating system whereas a smaller percentage prefer to do so for Apple’s iOS

Challenges Of The Indian Textile Industry Marketing Essay

Challenges Of The Indian Textile Industry Marketing Essay Scale: Indian Textile Industry is highly fragmented Industry that is lead by several small-scale industries. Because of this, there is lack of Industry Leadership. These small companies do not have fiscal resources to invest in technological up-gradation and they are not able to generate economies of scale. This leads to inability to establish a world-class competitive player. All the sectors except spinning face the problem of scale. India has very few large firms and other firms are generally smaller than their Chinese or Thai counterparts. Some of the Chinese large firms have 1.5 times higher spinning capacity, 1.25 times denim (and 2 times gray fabric) capacity and about 6 times more revenue in garment than their counterparts in India  [1]  which in turn gave an effect on the overall cost distribution along with the ability to attract customers with big orders. No of Exporters Source: CRISIL Skill and Labor productivity: Though Industry has cheap and skilled manpower but they are less productive comparative to other south Asian countries. Low Labor productivity due to lack of skills and modernized infrastructure is making Indian textile industry less productive than other competitor nations. An Industry and Regional Perspective Source: Economics Program Working Paper Series: The Cost Competitiveness of the Manufacturing Sector in China and India (Bart van Ark, Abdul Azeez Erumban, Vivian Chen, Utsav Kumar) Along with the labor productivity issues three other issues are of important consideration: (a) there is a lack of technical manpower -there are only 30 programmes at graduate engineering (including diploma) levels graduating nearly 1000 students this number is insufficient for bringing about significant technological change in the textile sector; (b) Investment by Indian firms for training of its existing workforce is very limited and the skills are confined to already existing processes; (c) there is serious dearth of trained operators and supervisors in India. It is expected that Indian firms will have to invest close to Rs. 1400 bn by year 2010 to increase its global trade to $ 50 bn. This kind of investment would require about 70,000 supervisors and 1.05mn operators in the textile sector and at least 112,000 supervisors and 2.8mn operators in the apparel sector (assuming a 80:20 ratio of investment between textiles and apparel).  [2]  In this situation the real bottleneck t o growth is going to be availability of skilled manpower. Poor Infrastructure: Technological Obsolescence and low degree of modernization in various steps of value chain affects the quality, cost and distribution. The general trend in the country is to go for second hand and outdated looms thus resulting in lower productivity and quality. Raw material from power looms and handloom is of low quality. Though India is a hub of IT services, they are not effectively implemented in textile sector to improve the productivity 1.png Inadequate Research Development and Lack of Technology Upgradation: Government of India has done significant investment in various schemes and other programmes for the growth and development of the industry. It launched Technology up gradation fund scheme in 1999 and issues Rs 916 bn for technology upgradation. However TUFS have not benefited all the segments of the Textile Value Chain -large parts of the funds have gone to the relatively healthier spinning sector. 2.png Low FDI: Lack of scale and the fragmented nature of industry have discouraged mega investments in the Indian textile industry. Unattractiveness of the industry has resulted in abysmal FDI inflows, despite 100% FDI being allowed under the automatic route. These drawbacks created a hurdle to make industry more competitive on the global basis. Legacy of government policy: Government followed protectionist policy for handlooms (labour-intensive and seen as a means to sustain employment) vis-à  -vis power looms mills. India had antiquated labour laws. The companies have often broken their business down into small units to avoid any trouble created by labor unionization. India also maintained capacity restrictions for a long time because government wanted to incentivize Small-scale industries. The Land and urbanization laws resulted in closure of urban mills and lack of import subsidies on advanced machinery resulted on limited technology advancement. Lack of Trade membership: India is serious lacking in trade pact memberships, which leads to restricted access to the other major markets. This issue made others to impose quota and duty, which put scissors on the sourcing quantities from India. High Power Tariff: After raw material, power cost is the most significant cost in the whole supply chain. High power cost and erratic supply hampers the production in India. High Cycle time for garments: Cycle time is the key factor in determining the competitiveness of a firm. It has a direct impact on both price and delivery schedule. Cycle time reduction is strongly correlated with high first pass yield, high throughput times, low variability in process times, low WIP and consequently cost. Currently Indian firms have high lead times and they must reduce their cycle times across the entire supply chain.   The average lead time in manufacturing and delivery sums to around 45-60 days from fabric buying to shipment of apparels. It can also get extended to 80 days. The mean delay in exporting finished garments from India after procurement of raw materials is estimated to be 15.5 days. The shelf life of products driven by fashion is merely 45 days therefore, such delays are indefensible. In contrast Turkey completes entire task ranging from approval of design to delivery in warehouse in a flat 30 days cycle  [3]  . Turkey also has the strategic advan tage of being located close to EU markets and positive liberal political conditions. Customs must provide a turnaround time of  ½ day for an order if we expect Indian firms to become part of larger global supply chains. Indian textile firms must enforce a deployment of industrial engineering with specific importance on cellular manufacturing, JIT and statistical process control to minimize lead times on shop floors. Usage of IT for increasing the productivity is also low in this sector. Indo French Collaboration Machinery: The French textile machinery Manufacturers has established a firm foothold on the international markets for many years. France is the European Unions third largest exporter of textile machinery and the sixth largest in the world. More than one hundred countries have chosen them as their partners to whom they export 90% of their national production. They are a dynamic group of companies who created years ago a private professional Association UCMTF (French Association of Textile Machinery Manufacturers), whose aim is the promotion of the French machines and French companies. The specialized sectors of the French textile machinery industry are: Spinning preparation machinery Long fibre spinning machinery Fibre opening, fibre blending machinery, textile waste recovery Cards Nonwovens manufacturing line Such expertise if augmented with Indian government support can help the issues associated with poor infrastructure and machinery resulting in poor quality of fabric and thus increase the competitiveness of Indian textile in global market. The French textile machinery manufacturers also realized the importance of the Indian textile industry. They invited the Indian textile producers to a series the Indo-French seminar French Technology to Boost the Indian Textile Industrys Competitiveness which were held in Mumbai and Ludhiana on 20th and 23rd April 2010 respectively. The aim of this seminar was to regularly facilitate direct contacts between the Indian textile producers and the top management of the French machinery producers. In words of Mrs Evelyne Cholet, the Secretary General of UCMTF- Organization of such seminars in India is very important at present especially when the Indian Government realizes the importance of new investments in textile machinery to stimulate this strategic sector. The technical textiles sector for which France has an expertise is another sector which has great potential in India This endeavor is supported by Indian government as these seminars were held under the patronage of the office of the Textile Commissioner Ministry of Textiles and Government of India. The French Trade Commission of the Embassy of France in India, Ubifrance (Frances agency for the international development of French companies) and the French Textile Machinery Manufacturers Association (UCMTF) were co-organizers of the seminars. Technical Textile: India is at the threshold of technical textile development, which is set to play a huge role in the development of the countrys various facilities, thus offering the greatest growth potential in this sector. Owing to the rise in demand for value added textile products in the developed nations, the technical textile industry is said to grow around 4 5 percent. According to the recent research by the Textiles Committee, the technical textile industry in India is expected to grow at a rate of 11% anually and reach a size of around $14 billion by 2012. The current size of the market is little less than $8 billion and the projected investment in this sector is around $1000 million. Technical textiles correspond to a multi-disciplinary field with different applications in numerous fields such as medicine, aerospace sports, defence, agriculture and construction. France has already developed expertise in this segment. In France, the technical textile industry comprises nearly 600 companies, consisting of very small businesses, numerous SMEs and big groups alike. Some twenty trades are represented, from fibre production and spinning through to clothes-making and assembly, and cover 12 sectors of application. This type of material is regularly used in widely varying fields such as packaging, protection and safety, clothing, construction, transport, the environment and the medical sector. All these mutually complementary companies work within a network of technical centres, laboratories, universities, competitiveness clusters and professional associations. Their excellence is recognized far beyond the borders of France. Indian manufactures can learn a lot from French technologies and products in technical textile segment. In order to facilitate this learning Techtextil India International Trade Fair for Technical Textiles and Nonwovens is organized where pavilions from Germany, Frnace and Italy present their latest innovations. The objective of the fair is to achieve a future oriented perspective and practical technical information in a range of presentations and discussions specially formulated for the high potential Indian market. Techtextil India is supported by the Office of the Textile Commissioner of the Ministry of Textiles, Government of India. In words of Mr. Dayanidhi Maran, Union Textiles Minister, present at Techtextil 2009- The technical textile industry has a high potential to attract investments worth $1.03 billion and generate around 3,00,000 additional employment by 2012. Since India has highly-skilled manpower and abundant availability of raw material, it can emerge as a key player in the technical textiles industry Innovation through Competitive pole: In order to improve the highly fragmented textile industry of India the French model of competitive poles can be applied. Since French textile industry is a mature sector, innovation is the key factor driving the industry. The French textile industry has been re-organised in the past few years in order to respond to the current innovation and technology creation needs. In 2004, the  «Ã‚  Pà ´les de Compà ©titività ©Ã‚  Ã‚ » (Competitive Poles) were put in place to respond to this need. These poles are associations that group enterprises, research centres, and public and private training institutions. The objective of these poles is to create the environment to the economical renewing of the regions by implementing new products and services. Innovation is, therefore, in the centre of the competitive poles. There are in France now 71 poles spread across the country. The programmes of the poles are financed by the government, by 1.5bn EUR each year in total (including all industries and activities), but local authorities and associations also contribute to the financing. The competitive pole is organized under 2 main axis: Technical textiles Customization of clothing textiles The Lile region is a key example of the competitive pole approach. Nowadays, more than 50 % of the textile engineer in France are graduated in the metropolitan area of Lille Mà ©tropole at lENSAIT and HEI. Technical trainings are also available at the ESAAT. The UP-tex is the pole dedicated to the textile, technical and traditional (clothing), that is located in the metropolitan area of Lile. The UP-tex works as an association of enterprises, research centres, and centres dedicated to technology transference. Its ambition is to become the European reference in terms of advanced textile materials, polysensoriality and design and mass customisation. Furthermore, the labelling of the competitive pole UP-tex has also contributed to the reinforcement of Liles position as a reference in terms of innovative and clothing textiles. The UP-tex has as objectives: Develop the project of the  «Ã‚  customized enterprise  Ã‚ », in order to create a new value chain to the textile  / clothing branch Promote the national and international plan of the high-performance textile regional pole, its economic network (through the CLUBTEX) and its scientific competences Create basis for the emergence of an European technological platform through the creation of the CETI (French  : Centre Europà ©en du Textile Innovant, English: European centre of the Innovative textile) Support the research projects by the attribution of labels to selected projects Further develop innovation in the textile and clothing industry CLUBTEX, which is the association of local industrials to promote innovation in technical textiles, is key element to the success of the Lile textile pole. The association is grouping, nowadays, 58 industrial, 1 union and 6 training and researching centres, all with one common objective to create innovation through the mutualisation of resources. The industries participating in CLUBTEX produce under the SPL (SPL  : French for Systà ¨me Productif Local , in English  : Local Production System) District Textiles Techniques label, which helps on the identification and differentiation of the products towards the customers. Recommendations Government Initiatives: Government can take actions under the following heads for improving the textile industry: Flexibility of contract labor law: Labor Laws should be more liberalized and made favorable that will help to make labor more productive. Textile industry should be exempted from contract labor law Better implementation of TUF: Government should focus on providing uniform disbursement of incentives through TUF Attracting FDIs: Government should provide tax incentives to attract FDI to make it more competitive in global marketplace. Establish integrated textile parks. Allow more Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Garment Retailing to enable large, modern retail showrooms to set up shops in India which will promote local sourcing and will result in better production Encourage Private Sector for Partnership collaboration Develop supporting Industry: Develop textile machinery industry (currently 70% of textile machinery is imported. Faster port clearance and cheaper transport Skill development Initiatives: Set up skill development centers. More Training centers should be opened to train the workforce and awareness of new technology and trends should be increased among manpower. Collaboration with Institute like SITRA (South India Textile Research Association) for labor skill development Reduce power tariff, encourage renewable sources of energy through government subsidy, reduce interest rates and transaction costs. Setting up of quality checking laboratories to ensure global competitiveness Apparel park to promote exports: In National Textile Policy 2000 government established Apparel International Mart: Apparel Export Promotion Council has constructed an Apparel International Mart (AIM) at Gurgaon to provide showrooms on lease and license basis to the established exporters to showcase their products Aid to agriculture industry to improve the availability, productivity and quality of Raw Material: In National Textile Policy 2000 government implemented Cotton Technology Mission: To improve the performance of Cotton sector through improvement in Research Development, quality and productivity of products. The Govt. of India is aimed to increase production of cotton by 50% with improved quality and productivity Firm level Initiatives Companies should improve the productivity at firm level to develop economies of scale: Up-grading technology: Form JVs with global players for technology up-gradation and scale Implementing TQM: ensure waste minimization, product durability and reliability. Lean manufacturing: optimized distribution network and supply chain management to attain reduced cycle time Use of IT services In-house skill development program Apparel Industry Landscape Global Textile and Apparel trade is recovering after a slump during the economic recession in 2008-09, and is expected to reach US$ 1 Trillion by 2020 from the current US$ 510 Bn. The growth in trade is driven by increased outsourcing of western / developed countries towards lower cost countries in Asia. Indias Textile Apparel industry (domestic + exports) is expected to grow from the current US$ 70 bn to US$ 220 bn by 2020. The Indian domestic Textile and Apparel market size in 2009 was US$ 47 bn and is expected to grow @ 11% CAGR to reach US$ 140 Bn by 2020 Domestic Apparel retail market was worth US$33 Bn in 2009 and is expected to reach US$ 100 Bn by 2020. Export Sector: Indias exports have also recovered in 2009-10 following increased global demand and is currently worth US$ 23.5 Bn. Indian apparel exports have also grown by a CAGR of 11.7% in last 4 years. The export market includes readymade garments of cotton, man made, silk, wool and other textile materials with cotton products accounting for the major share. India has the potential to increase its export share in world trade from the current 4.5% to 8% and reach US$ 80 Bn by 2020. India has the potential of this strong growth in exports because of increased sourcing shift from developed countries to Asia. Indias also possess different strengths which makes it a suitable alternative to China for global buyers. In terms of financial returns, Apparel is the most attractive product category amongst retail product categories both in terms of Returns on Capital Employed and EBITDA. Garmenting Technical Textiles are the most attractive segments within the Apparel value chain in terms o f ROA and EBITDA. According to KPMG research investments upto US$ 68 Bn will be required by 2020 across the Textile supply chain to tap the potential market generated by the growth of textile industry. Investment required in garment sector by 2020 is to the tune of US$ 14 Bn and for processing is US$ 19 Bn. Apparel Industry: However Indian Apparel Industry is a small scale sector with high degree of fragmentation. Apparel manufacturing has about 77,000 small scale units classified as domestic manufacturers, manufacturer exporters and fabricators. Due to low entry barrier, garments industry is the least capital intensive part of textiles value chain, leading to high fragmentation. There are around 8200 registered apparel exporters in India. The turnover of 4800 exporters is less than 5 million INR which indicates the high level of fragmentation. Apparel Retailing: A huge chunk of apparel market is contributed by urban segment. Majority of this urban segment stays in few selected cities where organized retail is preferred mode of shopping thus organized retail plays a very important role in domestic apparel consumption. Total apparel and fashion accessories retail market was worth Rs.80,000 crore in 2004, which grew by 11% each year till 2006. Although organized retails chains and exclusive brand outlets are gaining momentum, traditional retailers and MBOs still dominate apparel retailing. One of the key factors for the huge growth is due to expansion by apparel brands and retailers to small but potential cities. Many global brands like Marks Spencer are getting established in India by franchisee route. Malls are expected to be one of the main drivers for growth of apparel retailing, as they provide large areas. Mens Apparel: Man apparel stands at $ 8.1bn in 2007 with a market share of 42% of total apparel market. It is expected to see high growth in near future but % share will decrease due to growth in other segments.In 2007 men apparel industry was mainly dominated by shirts accounting for 36.5% of total men segement. The established key players are Arvind mills, Madura Garment, Westside, shoppers stop and Pantaoon. Levis Strauss is the major newcomer in the same segment. Women Apparel: women apparel stands at $ 6.7bn in 2007 with a market share of 34% of total apparel market. It is expected to grow till 11bn by 2009. Some of the important changiing trends observed in this segment are Liberalization of casual wear in the office is increasing the ready to wear market Working women demand western or indo-western outfits that last in fashion and quality Saree have the higest share but trouser and skirts are growing rapidly due to changing social trends From 2002 to 2007 saree demand has shown a CAGR of 12.8% whereas Trouser and skirts have shown CAGR of 34% 1.png Kid Apparel: Kid apparel is the smallest segment of $ 4.7 bn. Licensing interntional kids apparel is a successful strategy to capture the premium market. Some popular brands in same category are Disney, Barbie etc. This segment have very little brand penetration of 5-8% but it is expected to grow at 15-20% A comparitive analysis of all segments with their expected growth is shown below: Key growth drivers for the textile and apparel Industry are : Growth in organized retailing at 41% CAGR. Increasing number of working women. Increasing household income Changing demographics Affinity for brands and better shopping experience Profile of French brands: High end/ Luxury Brands Products coverage Gender targeted Target Customer Marketing strategy Product Strategy Hermà ¨s Clothing accessories Male/Female High-end/ rich population of all ages Exclusivity is the key word. Products are very Expensive and often perceived as durable goods (can be passed from mother to daughter) Overbuying is discoraged: clients do not have the right to by more than a X number of items per collection Very high-quality, often hand-made by specialized artisans; eg. leather goods often produced by experts in Italy. Each maison has its Flagship products, that remain unchanged, or are slightly updated across collections. Pret-a-porter collections are innovative and trend-setter for the rest of the clothing industry LVMH Louis Vuitton Clothing accessories Male/Female High-end/ rich population of all ages Channel Clothing accessories Female High-end/ rich population of all ages LVMH Dior Clothing accessories Male/Female High-end/ rich population of all ages Chloà © Clothing accessories Female High-end/ rich population of all ages Yves Saint Laurent Clothing accessories Male/Female High-end/ rich population of all ages Lanvin Clothing accessories Male/Female High-end/ rich population of all ages LVMH Givenchy Clothing accessories Female High-end/ rich population of all ages Maison Martin Margiela Clothing accessories Male/Female High-end/ rich population of all ages Premium/ Middle Product Coverage Gender Targeted Target Customer Marketing Strategy Products Strategy Isabel Marant Clothing accessories Female Mid 30s/ Early 40s Targets are high-end of medium class, that cannot afford luxe but wants to buy the best product they can afford. Price sensibility is not to be neglected. Brand strengh based on notoriety, string communication campaigns and sales to clean stocks. New trend is the affiliated-brand strategy, such as Athà © and Etoile, by respectivelly V.Bruno and I.Marant, that target at different age ranges as a way to maximise sales Fit and Design are the key words. Quality is important, but not overvalued as for luxe products. Some brands will have a few flagship products, but as general rule the collections are completely renovated each season Vanessa Bruno Clothing accessories Female Mid 30s/ Early 40s Carven Clothing accessories Male / Female Mid 30s/ Early 40s De Fursac Clothing accessories Male Late 30s/ Late 40s Jacadi Clothing accessories Children 0 to 8y +/- Bonpoint Clothing accessories Children 0 to 8y +/- Gerard Darel Clothing accessories Female Mid 30s/ Early 40s Agnà ©s Clothing accessories Female Mid 30s/ Early 40s Claudine Pierrot Clothing accessories Female Mid 30s/ Early 40s Manoush Clothing accessories Female Late 20s/ Early 30s Maje Clothing accessories Female Late 20s/ Early 30s Zadig Voltaire Clothing accessories Children/ Male / Female Late 20s/ Early 30s Ba Sh Clothing accessories Female Late 20s/ Early 30s Sandro Clothing accessories Female Late 20s/ Early 30s Les Petites Clothing accessories Children/ Female Late 20s/ Early 30s Comptoir des Cotoniers Clothing accessories Children/ Female Late 20s/ Early 30s Athà © Vanessa Bruno Clothing accessories Female Late 20s/ Early 30s Etoile Isabel Marant Clothing accessories Female Late 20s/ Early 30s Kooples Clothing accessories Male / Female Whole 20s Berenice Clothing accessories Male / Female Late 20s/ Early 30s Bel Air Clothing accessories Female Whole 20s Middle/Low range Product Coverage Gender Targeted Target Customer Marketing Strategy Products Strategy Zara (Spanish) Clothing accessories Female Mid 30s/ Early 40s Disposable Fashion. Easy-to-wear collection hits, constantly renovated (short collections) Design Disposable fashion. Quality is not perceived as key product attribute. Products are often produced outside Europe Mango (Spanish) Clothing accessories Female Mid 30s/ Early 40s H M (UK) Clothing accessories Female Mid 30s/ Early 40s Naf Naf Clothing accessories Female Late 20s/ Early 30s Sud Express Clothing accessories Female Late 20s/ Early 30s PROMOD Clothing accessories Female Late 20s/ Early 30s Etam Clothing accessories Female Various Middle/Low range Product Coverage Gender Targeted Target Customer Marketing Strategy Products Strategy Uniqlo (Japan) Clothing accessories Male/ female Families looking for basic items with average quality and good price Long-lasting collections, not really fashion-driven (does not follow trends). Good value for money Le Petit Bateau Clothing accessories Children/ Female French brand in India: Based on the consumption profile we can see that women segment is the fastest growing segment and also the share of formal wear like trousers and skirts is increasing due to increasing number of working women in the society. Thus a French brand targeting female consumers in the age range of Late 20s/Early 30s will be best suited for India. Though the disposable income is increasing, the target group of women is highly value conscious hence Premium/Middle or Middle/Low class brand will perform better than the luxury brands. Also the segment purchasing luxury brands is although growing but currently too small to target. Important Parameters to consider while entering India Positioning: The most important part is the positioning in the Indian consumer mind-space. Smart casual positions are taken in by the brand such as ColorPlus, Dockers and Canary Blue. Design wear are gone with square-1 mall and Kimaya, Kazo and individual designer having their stand alone store. Any positioning below that is lapped up by Zillions of manufacturers. However there are still wide open gaps which lie agape between these broad categories which can be easily targeted. Also Indian consumers show an affinity for foreign brands as it is considered a proxy for status. Therefore even the Indian Manufactures like ITC, Madura garment give exotic names to their brands for eg John Players, Allen Solly. Location: The location is the key to the positioning, it determines and in turns reinforces positioning; in fact, with about 50% of the operational expenses are taken up by the rentals, it has assumed an even more important position. Exclusive showrooms at a high end street or space in well reputed mall are the two options for establishing a high end brand. Buying vs. Manufacturing: It is very important decision for the fore

My Last Duchess by Robert Browning Essay -- Last Duchess Robert Browni

My Last Duchess by Robert Browning In his poem â€Å"My Last Duchess†, Robert Browning gives his readers a complex picture of his two main characters. The Duke, who narrates the poem, is the most immediately present but Browning sets him up to ultimately lose the reader’s trust. The Duchess becomes the sympathetic character, a victim of foul play. It is through the various representations of the Duchess within the poem that we come to know both characters. The representations of the Duchess, which focus on her ever-present smile and easily satisfied nature, come in sharp contrast with the desperate, sputtering language of the Duke as he tries to tell their story on his own terms. This contrast is a manifestation of the Duke's frustration with his inability to control the Duchess and her nonchalant but near-total control over him. The Duchess is first introduced as a painting hanging in the Duke’s gallery. The very form in which we meet her gives us an indication of both her passivity and her ability to persist, unchanged, in one mode of behavior. A painting has very little living communicative power, relying on the expressiveness of its subject at the time of painting. It is notable that no mention is made of any background or accompanying objects in the painting—often in portraiture these elements are relied upon to convey key ideas about the subject. It seems that the Duchess relied solely upon herself and the painter to tell her own story. Even if other objects are in the painting, they are unremarkable enough that neither Duke nor poet feels compelled to mention them. From a literary standpoint, this means that the poet felt that we needed no other initial information about the Duchess. Even at the level of chara... ...haunts him, and by placing it both first and last he drives it home very strongly. He can’t help but repeat that phrase when confronted with the Duchess who is both still smiling and â€Å"as if alive†Ã¢â‚¬â€he is driven mad by the idea that he couldn’t even succeed in killing her. His actions, too, are driven by the Duchess. Since she is still smiling and life-like, despite his best efforts to the contrary, he is driven to the irrational extreme of covering the painting and ensuring that â€Å"none puts by the curtain†¦but [himself]† (9-10) His extraordinary desire to control the Duchess leave him vulnerable to her imperviousness. By remaining unaffected by the Duke’s strenuous efforts to alter her behavior, the Duchess forces the Duke to take more and more drastic measures—like killing her and hiding her painting—and eats away at his ability to even keep control of himself.